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A '''cooperative storage cloud''' is a decentralized model of networked [[computer data storage|online storage]] where data is stored on multiple computers ([[Node (networking)|nodes]]), hosted by the participants cooperating in the cloud. For the cooperative scheme to be viable, the total storage contributed in aggregate must be at least equal to the amount of storage needed by end users. However, some nodes may contribute less storage and some may contribute more. There may be reward models to compensate the nodes contributing more.

Unlike a traditional [[Cloud storage|storage cloud]], a cooperative does not directly employ dedicated servers for the actual storage of the data, thereby eliminating the need for a significant dedicated hardware investment. Each node in the cooperative runs specialized [[software]] which communicates with a centralized control and orchestration server, thereby allowing the node to both consume and contribute storage space to the cloud. The centralized control and orchestration server requires several orders of magnitude less resources (storage, computing power, and bandwidth) to operate, relative to the overall capacity of the cooperative.

== Data security ==
Files hosted in the cloud are fragmented and [[Encryption|encrypted]] before leaving the local machine. They are then distributed randomly using a [[Load balancing (computing)|load balancing]] and [[geo-distribution]] [[algorithm]] to other nodes in the cooperative. Users can add an additional layer of [[Information security|security]] and reduce storage space by [[Data compression|compressing]] and encrypting files before they are copied to the cloud.

== Data redundancy ==
In order to maintain [[data integrity]] and high availability across a relatively unreliable set of computers over a [[wide area network]] like the [[Internet]], the source node will add some level of [[Data redundancy|redundancy]] to each [[Block (data storage)|data block]]. Data is encrypted and spread among hosts in a redundant manner, using [[erasure coding]], to maximize [[availability]]. According to one of its creators, Sia was the first platform of its kind to launch an end-user product.

On June 1, 2016 Minebox GMBH announced that their forthcoming Minebox [[Network-attached storage|Networked Attached Storage device (NAS)]] will utilize the [[Sia (Software)| Sia]] network to persist its backups. Users of the Minebox will also be able to rent their free disk space via Sia.

[[Storj]] is another example: based on the [[Bitcoin]] blockchain technology and a [[peer-to-peer]] architecture, it intends to provide cloud storage to people. It is currently developing two applications to achieve this goal: ''MetaDisk'', which lets the user upload files to the network, and ''DriveShare'', allowing users to rent out their storage space to MetaDisk users.

A partly centralized system was operated by Symform, Inc., a [[startup company]] based in [[Seattle]]. Symform generated and kept the keys used to encrypt and decrypt, and since it also decided which server will host which parts of a file, users have to trust Symform not to share those with any other party or misuse the information. Symform discontinued its service on Jul 31, 2016.

==See also==
*[[Cloud computing]]
*[[Cloud storage]]
*[[Distributed data store]]
*[[Tahoe-LAFS]]
*[[Freenet]]
*[[Cyber Resilience]]
*[[InterPlanetary File System]]

==Source==

[http://wikipedia.org/ http://wikipedia.org/]
[[Category:Online services]]
[[Category:Data storage]]

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Admin: Created page with "A '''cooperative storage cloud''' is a decentralized model of networked online storage where data is stored on multiple computers (Node (networking..."